Fade

Fade in/ out is used when an picture turns to a colour, usually black. Fade is generally happens at the beginning of  a film or act, and fade outs is generally happens at the end of a film or act.

An example of fades is from the 2013 film trailer Gravity, about an astronaut and a medical engineer that try and survive together after an accident leaves them drifting in space.  Throughout the trailer, there are many fades to blacks. The fades helps the audience to feel the characters fear as they are detached in space and understand the emptiness of their atmosphere. The fade are frequent as they cuts to the sound of the character  breathing the rhythm gets quicker and makes the audience feel more anxious.